sodium ion batteries are a type of rechargeable battery that operate on a similar principle to lithium-ion batteries, but utilize sodium ions (Na+) as the charge carriers instead of lithium ions (Li+). They are gaining interest as a more sustainable and potentially lower-cost alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to the abundance of sodium.

Thick gauge thermoforming is a manufacturing process that heats a flat, thick sheet of plastic (typically greater than 1.5mm or 0.060 inches) and forms it into a specific shape using a mold. This process is commonly used to produce durable, rigid, and large plastic parts for applications like automotive components, industrial equipment, and medical device housings.